第十四章 东德的“宣传教育”为何不能成功

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1 Randall L. Bytwerk,Bending Spines: The Propagandas of Nazi Germany and the German Democratic Republic,East Lansing,MI: Michigan State University Press,2004,p. 63.

2 Ibid.,p. 404.

3 Ibid.

4 Ibid.

5 Ibid.

6 Ibid.

7 Ibid.,p. 405.

8 Ibid.

9 Ibid.,p. 405-406 .

10 Ibid.,p. 406.

11 Ibid.

12 Jacques Ellul,Propaganda: The Formation of Men’s Attitude,trans by Konrad Kellen and Jean Lerner,New York: Alfred A. Knopf,1968,p. 295.

13 Willi A. Boelcke,The Secret Conferences of Dr. Goebbels: The Nazi Propaganda War,1939,1943 . trans by Ewald Osers,New York: E. P. Dutton,1970,p. 81.

14 Randall L.Bytwerk,Bending Spines,p.94

15 Ted J. Smith III,“Propaganda and Techniques of Deception,”in Ted J. Smith III,ed.,Propaganda: A Pluralistic Perspective,New York: Praeger,1989,pp. 80-81 .

16 Jacques Ellul,Propaganda,p. 6.

17 老赫胥黎的“花园”比喻是在“Prolegomena” (1894)一文中提出的。此文是他于1893年在牛津大学演讲集Evolution and Ethics的序言。引自Jack Williamson,H. G. Wells: Critic of Progress,Baltimore,M.D.: The Mirage Press,1973,p. 75。

18 Jacques Ellul,Propaganda,p. 9.

19 Randall L. Bytwerk,Bending Spines,p. 166.

20 Jacques Ellul,Propaganda,p. 295.


第十三章 德国纳粹的宣传和国民再造第十五章 沉默和失忆的国民是怎样教育成的